Uyifaka njani inkqubo yokusebenza kwiVirtualBox inyathelo ngenyathelo

Ukufakela inkqubo yokusebenza kumatshini wenyani yenye yezona ndlela zinamandla kwaye zikhuselekile zokuvavanya isoftware okanye ukufunda ngeemeko ezahlukeneyo ngaphandle kokubeka inkqubo yakho ephambili emngciphekweni. I-Oracle VM VirtualBox, isixhobo sasimahla se-virtualization, lukhetho oludumileyo phakathi kwabo bafuna ukudala iimeko zovavanyo okanye balinganise ezinye iinkqubo kwikhompyuter yabo yomzimba.

Enkosi kwi-VirtualBox, unokuba neenkqubo ezininzi zokusebenza kumatshini omnye wodwa, ngaphandle kokufuna ukwahlula okanye ukuguqula ukufakelwa kwakho okuphambili. Olu hlobo lwe-virtualization lufanelekile kubaphuhlisi, amagcisa, okanye abasebenzisi abanomdla.Kule khokelo sichaza ngokucacileyo indlela yokufaka inkqubo yokusebenza kwi-VirtualBox ukusuka ekuqaleni, inyathelo ngesinyathelo, usebenzisa umfanekiso we-ISO okanye ifayile elungiselelwe kwangaphambili kwifomathi ye-OVA.

Yintoni iVirtualBox kwaye isetyenziselwa ntoni?

I-VirtualBox sisicelo sasimahla somthombo esivulekileyo esiphuhliswe ngu-Oracleekuvumela ukuba usebenzise iindlela ezininzi zokusebenza njenge "virtual machines" ngaphakathi kweyona ndlela yakho (yenginginya) yokusebenza. Ilungele uvavanyo, uphuhliso, okanye uqeqesho, esi sixhobo sibonelela a indawo engqongileyo ekhuselekileyo neyahlukileyo apho unokuhlohla khona nayiphi na inkqubo yokusebenza ngaphandle kokubeka esichengeni uqwalaselo olungundoqo lwekhompyuter yakho.

Xa usenza ifayile ye- umatshini wenyani (VM)Oku kusebenza ngokungathi kukho ikhompyuter ezimeleyo ngokupheleleyo, ene-RAM yayo, (virtual) hard drive, inkqubo yenethiwekhi, kunye nezinye izixhobo ogqiba ukuba uziqwalasele njani. Uyakwazi ukufaka iinkqubo ezifana WindowsLinux, macOS (nezithintelo), FreeBSD, Solaris… kwaneenguqulelo ezindala ze Windows njengaye Windows 7.

Yintoni oyifunayo ngaphambi kokuba uqale?

• Ikhompyuter enendawo eyaneleyo yedisk kunye ne-RAM ekhoyo.
• I-VirtualBox ifakiwe kwinkqubo yakho. Unokuyikhuphela kwezabo indawo esemthethweni.
• Umfanekiso wendlela yokusebenza onqwenela ukuyifaka: ingaba i-ISO okanye ifayile ye-OVAIi-ISO zisetyenziselwa ukufakela okucocekileyo, iifayile ze-OVA ziqwalaselwe kwangaphambili koomatshini benyani.

Ufakelo lweVirtualBox kunye noLungiselelo

Inkqubo yokufaka iVirtualBox ikhawuleza:

1. Fikelela kwifayile ye- iphepha lokukhuphela.
2. Khetha uguqulelo olululo ngokwenkqubo yakho yokusebenza (Windows(Mac, Linux okanye Solaris).
3. Qalisa isifakeli kwaye ulandele iwizadi. Yamkela ukufakela ujongano lwenethiwekhi ukuba isilumkiso siyavela.

Nje ukuba ifakwe, i-VirtualBox iya kuba ilungele ukusetyenziswa.

Khuphela inkqubo yokusebenza

Ukuqhubeka, udinga umfanekiso osebenzayo wenkqubo esebenzayo ofuna ukuyifaka. Ungakhetha koku:

• Imifanekiso ye-ISOKhuphela kwiwebhusayithi esemthethweni yomphuhlisi (umzekelo, kwi Microsoft iwebhusayithi Ewe yiyo Windows 10).
• Ifayile ye-OVAKhangela oomatshini abanenyani abaqwalaselwe kwangaphambili, njengabo unokuzifumana Vula-DevLabs.

Ukwenza umatshini omtsha ovela kwi-ISO

1. Vula i-VirtualBox kwaye ucofe Nuevo.
2. Ngenisa igama leVM, khetha uhlobo (Linux/Windows/macOS…) kunye nenguqulelo yenkqubo.
3. Yabela isixa se Imemori ye-RAMNgokubanzi, ubuncinci be-4 GB kwiinkqubo zanamhlanje.
4. Khetha Yenza idiski ebonakalayo ngoku.
5. Khetha uhlobo lwedisk (shiya ukhetho olungagqibekanga njenge VDI ngaphandle kokuba uyayazi into oyenzayo).
6. Gqiba phakathi ugcino oluguquguqukayo okanye olusisigxinaUgcino olunamandla lusebenzisa indawo encinci ekuqaleni.
7. Nika ubungakanani obukhulu bediski ebonakalayo (umzekelo, i-50 GB) kwaye ugqibe ukudala.

Kuthathwa ngaphandle umatshini wenyani kwifayile ye-OVA

1. Vula iVirtualBox kwaye uye kuyo Ifayile > Impota Inkonzo Eyenziwe ngokubonakalayo.
2. Cofa ku "Khangela" kwaye ukhethe ifayile yakho ye-OVA ekhutshelwe ngaphambili.
3. Phonononga kwaye uhlengahlengise useto lomatshini olunenyani njengegama, CPU, RAM, idiski, inethiwekhi, njl.
4. Cofa "Ngenisa". Ifayile ye-OVA iya kukhutshwa kwaye yongezwe kuluhlu lwakho lwe-VM.

Ukuhlohla inkqubo yokusebenza kwi-ISO

1. Khetha iVM eyenziweyo kwaye ucofe ku Qala.
2. Xa uqalisa inkqubo, iya kukucela ukuba ukhethe idiski yokuqalisa. Khetha ifayile yakho ye-ISO.
3. Umatshini obonakalayo uya kuqala kuloo ISO ngokungathi yiDVD yokwenyani.
4. Landela onke amanyathelo ofakelo lwesixokelelwano esisebenzayo, njengokuba ubuya kwenza kwiPC yangempela yomzimba.

Iisetingi ezicetyiswayo emva kofakelo

Bomvu

Kwimimiselo esemgangathweni, i-VirtualBox isebenzisa NATOku kuvumela i-VM ukuba ikhangele i-intanethi ngaphandle kokubonakala kwezinye izixhobo. Ukuba uyayifuna ukuba isebenze njengekhompyuter eyongezelelweyo kwinethiwekhi yakho, tshintshela kuyo Imowudi yebhulorho.

Iifolda ekwabelwana ngazo

Ingaba yabelana ngeefolda phakathi kombuki zindwendwe kunye nondwendwe Ukukopa iifayile ngokulula, yiya kuSeto > Iifolda ekwabelwana ngazo, yongeza indlela efunekayo, kwaye uvule ukunyuswa ngokuzenzekelayo.

Ibhodi eqhotyoshwayo kwaye utsale kwaye ulahle iifayile

Vula ukhetho ibhodi eqhotyoshwayo ekwabelwana ngayo kabini kwaye "utsale kwaye ulahle" kwi-Settings> General> Advanced, eya kukuvumela ukuba ukopishe ulwazi phakathi kweenkqubo ngokukhawuleza.

Audio, USB kunye nezinye izixhobo

Kwiisetingi onokukhetha kuzo yenza okanye uvale iaudio, i-USB 2.0/3.0 inkxaso, kunye namanye amacandelo Iimpawu ezongezelelweyo zokuphucula ukuhlanganiswa kwenkqubo yeendwendwe. Inkxaso ye-USB ifuna iphakheji yezandiso zeVirtualBox ukuba ifakwe.

Ukongezwa kweendwendwe

Las Ukongezwa kweendwendwe Ziseti yezinto eziluncedo ezifakwe ngaphakathi kweVM. Baphucula isisombululo, ukukhawuleziswa kwemizobo, ulungelelwaniso lwexesha, iifolda ekwabelwana ngazo, njl.

1. Kwifestile ye-VM, cofa iZixhobo> Faka umfanekiso weCD woNgeniso lweeNdwendwe.
2. Vula i-CD ngaphakathi kwe-VM kwaye usebenzise i-installer ye-VBoxWindowsAdditions.exe.
3. Qala kwakhona i-VM xa ugqibile.

Ulawulo oluphezulu koomatshini benyani

I-Cloning

I-VirtualBox iyakuvumela yenza i-VM Ukusuka kwimenyu yoMatshini> Clone. Unokukhetha ukwenza i-clone ngokupheleleyo (ikopi epheleleyo kunye nezimeleyo) okanye wenze i-clone edibeneyo (usebenzisa izibonelelo ekwabelwana ngazo).

Iifoto

Ngalo msebenzi unako gcina imo yangoku yeVMNgale ndlela, ukuba kukho into engahambi kakuhle, ungabuyela kuguqulelo lwangaphambili. Oku kuluncedo ngakumbi phambi kokwenza utshintsho olubalulekileyo okanye ukufakela isoftware yovavanyo.

1. Cofa ekunene kwi-VM> Izifinyezo> Thatha.
2. Yabela igama nenkcazo.
3. Kwiphaneli enye unokubuyisela okanye ucime izifinyezo ngokweemfuno zakho.

Ukurekhoda kwevidiyo

Ukusuka kwiisetingi > Ukuthathwa kwevidiyo unako rekhoda yonke into eyenzekayo ngaphakathi kweVMOku kuluncedo ekudaleni izifundo okanye iimpazamo zokurekhoda ngexesha lovavanyo.

Iqala ngaphandle kojongano lomzobo kwaye isebenza ngasemva

I-VirtualBox ikuvumela ukuba uqale ii-VMs ngaphakathi imowudi engenantloko, ngaphandle kokubonisa ifestile, okanye ukusebenza nabo ngasemva, ukuququzelela ukuzenzekelayo okanye ukudibanisa kwiinkqubo ezinzima ngakumbi.

Iingcebiso zokwandisa umatshini wakho wenyani

• Yabela isixa esilungeleleneyo se-RAM kunye ne-CPU ukunqanda ukonakalisa umamkeli okanye ukucothisa iVM.
• Kuphephe ukusebenzisa inkqubo yokugcina iidiski ezinenyani, kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
• Yenza iikopi ezigciniweyo yee-VM zakho ukuba uzisebenzisela umsebenzi onzima okanye obalulekileyo.
• Jonga iindlela zothungelwano ukuba ufuna iiVM ezininzi ukuze unxibelelane omnye nomnye, njengakwisetingi yaselabhu.

Zama iindlela zokusebenza oqhele ukuzisebenzisa

Luluvo olulungileyo ukusebenzisa iVirtualBox ukuzama iindlela ongaziqhelanga. Unokufakela ukuhanjiswa okulula njengoLubuntu, iinkqubo ezindala ezifana Windows XP okanye iimeko zomncedisi ezifana Windows Iseva, ngaphandle kokufuna ukukhathazeka ngokonakalisa izixhobo zakho.

Ukulungisa iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo

• Imposiso ye-VT-x ayifumaneki: Qinisekisa ukwenza usetyenziso lwenyani kwiBIOS (Intel VT-x okanye AMD-V).
• I-Hyper-V inqanda i-VM ekuqaliseni: ngaphakathi Windows, khubaza i-Hyper-V kwiimpawu zenkqubo.
• Iingxaki zenethiwekhiJonga imowudi yenethiwekhi. I-NAT yeyona ilula.
• isisombululo esingalunganga: Faka izongezo zoNdwendwe ukuphucula inkxaso yemizobo.

Ukwenza kunye nokuqhuba oomatshini abaneVirtualBox ayisosisombululo esinamandla sobuchule kuphela, kodwa ikwabonelela ngendlela esebenzayo neguquguqukayo yokusebenzisa iinkqubo ezininzi ngaxeshanye ngaphandle kokuchaphazela eyona khompyuter yakho. Ukusuka kuhlengahlengiso olusisiseko ukuya kukhetho oluphambili olunje ngeesnapshots, i-cloning, kunye nokurekhodwa kwevidiyo, i-VirtualBox ibonelela ngokhetho olupheleleyo nolusimahla, oluthi, xa lukwazi kakuhle, lube sisixhobo esibalulekileyo kubo bobabini abasebenzisi basekhaya kunye neengcali ze-IT.

Oomatshini bokwenene: Yintoni abayiyo, basebenza njani, kunye nento abasetyenziselwa yona namhlanje