- Iimephu zikaGoogle zikuvumela ukuba ungenise ngokukhawuleza iifayile zeKML kwiikhompyuter.
- I-Google Earth inikezela ngenkxaso ebanzi yezixhobo zeGIS zokuguqula kunye nokungenisa iifayile.
- Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza ngeefayile ze-KML: ukusuka ekujongeni okusisiseko ukuya kuhlengahlengiso oluphambili.
- Isitudiyo soMhlaba sikuvumela ukuba usebenzise i-KML kwiipopayi ezifundisayo kwaye uzinxibelelanise kwi-Drive
Iifayile ze-KML (Keyhole Markup Language) zisisixhobo esisisiseko sokujonga ulwazi olusekwe kwi-geospatial. Zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwisoftware efana neGoogle Earth, Google Maps, kunye nezicelo zeGIS zokubonisa iindlela, iziphawuli, iipolygons, kunye nolunye ulwazi lwekhatografi. Ingaba ukhuphele ifayile ye-KML okanye udale enye ukwabelana ngolwazi lwejografi, ukwazi ukuyivula ngokuchanekileyo kuGoogle Earth okanye kwiMaphu kubalulekile.
Kwesi sikhokelo sineenkcukacha, siza kukucacisela Uzivula njani iifayile ze-KML kuGoogle Earth, iiMephu zikaGoogle, kunye nezinye izixhobo ezinxulumeneyoSiqulunqe ulwazi ngokuthe ngqo olusuka kweyona mithombo ilungileyo, kuquka iGoogle Earth Outreach, Google for Developers, 32Dientes, kunye neGoogle Earth Studio, ukuze ube nombono opheleleyo nohlaziyiweyo wazo zonke iindlela ezikhoyo.
Yintoni ifayile ye KML kwaye isetyenziselwa ntoni?
Ifayile ye-KML luhlobo lwefayile esekwe kwi-XML equlethe idatha ye-geospatial efana namanqaku, imigca, iipolygons, okanye iindlela. UGoogle uphuhlise le fomati yokudibanisa neGoogle Earth, kodwa Ngoku inokuvulwa kwaye ihlelwe kwamanye amaqonga amaninzi, kuquka iGoogle Maps, QGIS, ArcGIS, kunye neSitudiyo soMhlaba.
Uyivula njani ifayile yeKML kwiiMephu zikaGoogle
Iimephu zikaGoogle zikuvumela ukuba ungenise kwaye ujonge iifayile ze-KML kwinguqulelo yayo yedesktop, into abasebenzisi abaninzi abangayaziyo. Nantsi inkqubo epheleleyo:
Inyathelo 1: Fikelela kwiimephu zikaGoogle kwikhompyuter yakho
Ukulayisha iifayile ze-KML, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa inguqulelo yesikhangeli sedesktop. Kanye ngaphakathi iimaphu zikagoogle, ukufikelela kwimenyu yecala lasekhohlo eliphezulu.
Inyathelo 2: Yiya kwindawo ethi "Iindawo zakho" icandelo
Ngaphakathi kwimenyu, cofa "Iindawo zakho"Ukusuka apha ungalawula zonke iimephu ozenze ngaphambili okanye ozigcinileyo.
Inyathelo 3: Khetha ithebhu ethi "Imaphu".
Phezulu kweso sikrini uza kubona iinketho ezininzi. Ngena «Iimephu» ukujonga iimephu zakho.
Inyathelo lesi-4: Yila imaphu entsha
Emazantsi eli candelo uya kubona iqhosha elithi "Yenza imephu"Isenokungaqatshelwa, njengoko ingabonakali kakhulu. Cofa apho ukuze uvule umhleli weeMephu zikaGoogle.
Inyathelo 5: Thatha ngaphandle ifayile yakho yeKML
Nje ukuba ungaphakathi kwimephu, kwiqela elisekhohlo kukho ukhetho oluthi "Ukurhweba ngaphakathi"Ngokucofa, ungalayisha ifayile yakho ye-KML ngqo kwikhompyuter yakho okanye utsale ngokulula ifayile esikrinini.
Inyathelo lesi-6: Yithiye ngokutsha indlela ukuba uyafuna
Imephu iya kulayisha imixholo yefayile ye-KML kwaye iyibonise ngqo kwimephu. Kuyacetyiswa yetha ifayile (ngokungagqibekanga ibonakala “njengeMaphu engachazwanga”) ukuchongwa lula kwixesha elizayo.
Jonga iifayile zeKML kuGoogle Earth
I-Google Earth inikezela ngamava apheleleyo kwaye atyebileyo kwiifayile ze-KML. Nazi iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokungenisa olu didi lweefayile kuguqulelo lwedesktop:
Thatha ngaphandle iifayile ze-KML ngokuthe ngqo
- Vula iGoogle Earth Pro kwikhompyuter yakho.
- Yiya kwimenyu Oovimba kwaye ukhethe ukungenisa.
- Khetha ifayile yakho ngolwandiso lwe-KML (okanye i-KMZ) kwaye ucofe ku Vula.
Yakuba ingenisiwe, ulwazi luya kuvela kwideshbhodi. "Iindawo zexeshana/iiNdawo". Ungayisusa ngesandla uye kuyo "Iindawo zam" ukuyigcina ngokusisigxina.
Thatha ngaphandle idatha yeGIS iguqulelwe kwi-KML
I-Google Earth ikuvumela ukuba ungenise iifomati ze-GIS (iiNkqubo zoLwazi lweJografi) ezifana neefayile zeShape (.shp), iMapInfo (.tab), kunye nabanye ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ezakhelwe ngaphakathi.
- Khetha ukungenisa ukusuka kwiFayile menu.
- Khetha uhlobo lwefayile oluchanekileyo (.shp, .tab, .tif, njl.).
- Cofa ku Vula.
- Ukuba iqulethe izinto ezininzi (> 2500), unganciphisa ukungenisa kwisampulu okanye usebenzise wonke umxholo.
UGoogle Earth uya kukubuza ukuba uyafuna na yenza itemplate yesimboOku kusetyenziselwa ukwabela imibala, iilebhile, kunye nezimbo zokubonwayo kwizinto ezingeniswa kumazwe angaphandle. Unokukhetha iileyibhile kwiindawo esele zikhona (umzekelo, 'Igama') kwaye uchaze imibala eyodwa (efana nebhlowu yemilambo okanye eluhlaza kwiingingqi).
Ukugcina kunye nokwenza ngokwengingqi iifayile ze-KML
Nje ukuba wenze itemplate yakho yesitayile, ungayigcina kwaye uyisebenzise kwezinye iiprojekthi. Ukongeza, IGoogle Earth Pro ikuvumela ukuba wenze data ngokwengingqi ukuphucula ukusebenza okubonakalayo ngamanqaku amaninzi:
- Khetha i "Regionalize" ukhetho kwi Tools menu.
- Khetha ifayile ye-KML oyigcine ngaphambili.
- Chaza ifolda yesiphumo kwaye wenze ukhetho lokuvula iifayile zengingqi ekugqityweni.
Ngale ndlela, izinto ziya kulayisha ngokuqhubekayo ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lokusondeza.
Ukusebenzisa iifayile zeKML kwiGoogle Earth Studio
Isitudiyo soMhlaba sikaGoogle Sisixhobo esigxile ekudaleni oopopayi ababonwayo ngeemephu. Apha ungalayisha iifayile ze-KML kwi-drive yakho yasekhaya okanye i-Google Drive.
Xa ungenisa ngaphandle i-KML, yongezwa kwideshbhodi. Ukugquma, apho unokubona zonke iindawo zolawulo kwifayile. Unokuzifihla ngokulula okanye ubonise nganye nganye kwaye uzihluze ngamagama. Ukongeza, Iifayile ze-KML zigcinwe kwi-Google Drive ukuze babe nokufumaneka kuyo nayiphi na iprojekthi ehambelanayo ukuba nje usebenzisa i-akhawunti efanayo.
I-Earth Studio ixhasa izinto ezinje:
- indawo
- Polygon
- Indawo ephawulwayo
- I-GroundOverlay
- ScreenOverlays
- Amakhonkco eNethiwekhi
Ngexesha lokuhlela, ii-overlays zinokutshintsha okanye kuthathe ixesha ukulayisha, kodwa unikezelo lokugqibela luya kuba luphezulu ngokubonakalayo.
Izixhobo ezixhaswayo zeGIS zokuguqulela kwi-KML
Ukuba unedatha kwezinye iifomati ezivela kwisoftware ye-GIS, kukho izixhobo ezininzi zokuyithumela ngaphandle kwe-KML:
- QGIS: Umthombo ovulekileyo wesoftware ye-GIS ene-plugins ezininzi zokuthumela ngaphandle kwi-KML.
- ArcGIS (ESRI): Ibandakanya izixhobo ezifana ne-ArcToolbox> Izixhobo zokuguqula> Kwi-KML.
- MapInfo Professional: Ine-plugin ye-Google Earth Link Utility.
- ogr2gui: Isicelo sojongano lomzobo ekuvumela ukuba uguqule iifomati ezahlukeneyo kwi-KML.
Ezi zixhobo ziluncedo kakhulu kwiingcali ezisebenza neenkcukacha ezininzi kwaye kufuneka zilungelelanise ukusetyenziswa kwiGoogle Earth okanye kwiMephu.
Kunokuxelwa ukuba Ukuvula nokusebenza ngeefayile ze-KML kulula kunokuba kubonakala Ukuba uyazazi izixhobo ezifanelekileyo. Zombini iimephu zeGoogle kunye neGoogle Earth zibonelela ngeendlela ezilula nezinamandla zokujonga iindlela, iindawo, okanye naluphi na uhlobo lwedatha yejografi. Ukuba ukwi-cartography, ucwangciso lwedolophu, ukukhwela intaba, okanye uthanda ukugcina iindlela zakho zicwangcisiwe, ukufunda ukuphatha iifayile ze-KML kuya kukuvulela iingcango ezininzi. Ukongeza, izixhobo zasimahla ezifana ne-QGIS okanye i-Earth Studio yandisa ngakumbi amathuba okusetyenziswa kobungcali kunye nemfundo.
Iingcali zesoftware, uphuhliso, kunye nezicelo kushishino kunye nokusetyenziswa ekhaya. Siyathanda ukusebenzisa amandla apheleleyo ayo nayiphi na isoftware, inkqubo, iapp, isixhobo, kunye nenkqubo yokusebenza kwimarike.