PureOS: Duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da 100% kyauta, rarraba Linux mai da hankali kan sirri.

Duniyar Linux tana da faɗi kamar yadda take da bambanci, kuma a cikin wannan tsarin muhalli mai ban sha'awa, akwai rarrabawar da ke ƙoƙarin fiye da aiki kawai: suna neman zama zakarun gaskiya na sirri da 'yanci. Ofaya daga cikin mafi yawan magana game da distros a wannan batun shine PureOS, wanda masu sha'awar software na kyauta da masu amfani waɗanda ke ba da fifikon sarrafa bayanai da kariya sama da komai.

Amma menene ke sa PureOS ta musamman? Shin yana da daraja da gaske zabar wannan madadin akan sauran shahararrun rabawa kamar Debian ko Ubuntu? Idan kuna sha'awar kuma kuna son koyan duk abubuwan da ke cikin PureOS, ga cikakken jagorar da ke rufe asalinsa, fasalin fasaha, fa'idodi, iyakancewa, da ƙari mai yawa, ta amfani da bayyanannen harshe mai sauƙi da sauƙi don kada ku ɓace cikin jargon fasaha.

Menene PureOS kuma wa ke haɓaka shi?

PureOS kyauta ce ta GNU/Linux kyauta, wanda kamfanin fasaha Purism ya haɓaka kuma ya kiyaye shi (ziyarci official site a nan). Falsafarta tana mai da hankali kan cikakkiyar mutunta sirri, tsaro, da fayyace software, ta kawar da duk wata alama ta lambar mallakar mallaka ko firmware. PureOS daga Debian, musamman daga reshe na "Gwaji", haɗawa da zamani tare da kwanciyar hankali a ƙarƙashin tushen cikakken 'yancin mai amfani.

Gidauniyar Software ta Kyauta (FSF) a hukumance ta amince da PureOS a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin ƴan 100% na tsarin aiki kyauta., gabaɗaya ya ƙunshi software wanda za'a iya dubawa, gyarawa da sake rarrabawa, don haka yana ba da garantin yanci masu mahimmanci guda huɗu na software kyauta. Wannan fitarwa wurare PureOS a cikin ƙananan ƙungiyoyin rarrabawar FSF da aka amince da su, yana mai da shi ma'auni ga masu fafutuka, masu haɓakawa, da masu amfani da damuwa game da kare bayanan su da haƙƙin dijital.

Falsafar PureOS da Babban Manufofin

An haifi PureOS tare da bayyananniyar manufa: don bayar da tsarin ɗabi'a, mai tushen sirri, mai ƙarfi da tsarin aiki mai sauƙin amfani.Dangane da bayanan da aka tattara daga tushe na musamman da takaddun na aikin, manyan ginshiƙai guda biyar na PureOS sune:

• Amfani: Tsarin da za a iya samun dama ga novice da masu amfani da ci gaba, tare da ƙirar tushen GNOME mai fahimta da daidaitattun kayan aikin Debian.
• Kwanciyar hankali: Gina kan ingantaccen tushe na Debian, PureOS yana tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali a cikin aikace-aikacenku da sabuntawa, guje wa gwaje-gwaje masu haɗari.
• Privacy: Daga farkon shigarwa, An tsara tsarin don kare bayanan mai amfani gwargwadon yiwuwa, ta amfani da fasahar ɓoyewa, keɓewar tsoho, da saitunan sirri na ci gaba.
• Haɗuwa: PureOS yana aiki azaman tsarin aiki na dandamali An ƙera shi don kwamfutoci, allunan da wayoyi, duk da cewa haɗin kai na flagship yana faruwa a cikin na'urorin Purism kamar kwamfyutocin Librem da Librem 5.
• Libertad: Ba ya haɗa da kowane kayan aikin mallaka ko rufaffiyar firmware., ƙyale masu amfani su kwafi, gyara, duba da rarraba tsarin akan kowane kayan aiki masu jituwa.

Bambance-bambance daga Debian da sauran shahararrun distros

Ɗaya daga cikin tambayoyin da aka fi yawan yi shine yadda PureOS ya bambanta da Debian ko wasu tsarin aiki na Linux.Kodayake PureOS ya dogara sosai akan Debian, yana gabatar da bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci:

• Baya amfani da software na mallakar mallaka ko firmware a kowane bangare, wani abu da Debian ke ba da izini ta wurin ajiyar "marasa kyauta". PureOS tana sanya kanta azaman zaɓi mara daidaituwa don 'yanci, kodayake wannan yana iyakance tallafin kayan aiki da nau'ikan aikace-aikace.
• An tsara ma'ajiyar su a hankali don keɓance software tare da lasisi waɗanda ba sa mutunta muhimman ƴanci ko na iya lalata sirrin.
• Yana haɗa PureBrowser (wanda aka samo daga Firefox ESR) azaman babban burauzar sa, wanda aka tsara don toshe masu sa ido da kare ainihin mai amfani., da kuma injin bincike na DuckDuckGo ta hanyar tsoho don guje wa bin diddigin kasuwancin Google na yau da kullun.
• Ya haɗa da ci-gaba na sirri da kayan aikin tsaro, irin su Tor Browser, HTTPS ko'ina, UBlock Origin da KeePassXC, shirye don amfani bayan shigarwa.

PureOS shine Debian an ɗauka zuwa matsananciyar tsaftar kyauta, wanda aka tsara don waɗanda ke ba da fifikon ɗabi'un fasaha da keɓancewa har ma da wasu abubuwan jin daɗi dangane da dacewa da kayan aiki ko nau'ikan software.

Babban halayen fasaha na PureOS

An gina PureOS a kusa da tsarin "tsabta" na Gwajin Debian., Yin aiki a ƙarƙashin ƙirar sakin ci gaba. Bari mu karya manyan fasalolin sa na fasaha:

• GNOME yanayin tebur a matsayin ma'auni (a cikin 'yan kwanan nan, rarraba yana amfani da GNOME 3.38), sananne don ƙirar zamani, sauƙi na samun dama, da babban matsayi na duniya. Yana ba da damar sarrafa ruwa na windows, tebur, da aikace-aikace, tare da ingantaccen tallafi ga Wayland.
• Gudanar da fakiti ta amfani da APT da kayan aikin hoto kamar Synaptic ko Cibiyar Software na GNOME, yana sauƙaƙe shigarwa, sabuntawa da cire shirye-shirye.
• Yana zuwa an riga an shigar dashi tare da zaɓaɓɓun saitin aikace-aikace: LibreOffice (software na ofis), Rhythmbox da Totem (multimedia), Kodi (nishadi), Polari IRC, Kwalaye (virtualization, madadin VirtualBox), Kalkuleta, Kalanda, da sauran kayan aiki masu amfani daga yanayin yanayin GNOME.
• Babban haɗin kai tare da kayan aikin PurismKwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka na Librem da fasalin wayar Librem 5 sun inganta PureOS, suna ba da fasalulluka na tsaro na jiki (kashe masu sauyawa don kyamarar gidan yanar gizo, makirufo, da sadarwar mara waya) da tallafi ga Coreboot a cikin BIOS.
• Tsarin diski na atomatik da tsarin ɓoye fayil daga shigarwa, ƙyale bayanan mai amfani su kasance a kiyaye su ko da na'urar ta fada hannun da ba daidai ba.

Manufar Sirri da Tsaro: Bayan Talla

PureOS baya yin alkawarin sirri kawai, yana aiwatar da shi daga tushen. Daga zabin browser zuwa yadda kowane application ya kebe. Tsarin yana mai da hankali kan tabbatar da cewa bayanan mai amfani ya kasance amintacce kuma ƙarƙashin ikon su.Wasu fitattun matakai da fasaha sun haɗa da:

• Toshe masu sa ido da buga yatsa tare da kari da aka riga aka shigar a cikin PureBrowser ko kai tsaye a cikin Tor Browser.
• Amfani da DuckDuckGo ta tsohuwa a matsayin injin bincike, ketare tarin tarin bayanai da Google, Bing da makamantansu suka yi.
• Zabi amma shawarar ɓoye duk tsarin fayil ɗin yayin shigarwa, tabbatar da sirri ga kowane ƙoƙari na samun izini mara izini.
• Amintaccen sarrafa kalmar sirri ta gida tare da KeePassXC, guje wa aiki tare da girgije idan mai amfani ya so.
• Samun dama ga VPN ɗin ku (Librem Tunnel) da sauran zaɓuɓɓukan ɓoyewa, da kuma sauƙin haɗawa da abokan ciniki na VPN na waje da ɓoye imel tare da Enigmail da GPG.
• Taimako don amintattun fasahar taya kamar Coreboot da Heads (akan kayan aikin Purism), rage haɗarin rootkits ko mugun damar shiga yayin aikin taya.

Iyakoki da Kalubale: Abin da Kuna Bukatar Sanin Kafin Sanya PureOS

Alƙawarin zuwa software na kyauta 100% yana da fa'ida a bayyane, amma kuma wasu fa'idodi waɗanda dole ne a yi la'akari da su kafin ɗaukar PureOS a matsayin babban tsarin.. Don ƙarin bayani kan dacewa da kayan masarufi, muna ba da shawarar ku kuma ku sake duba labaran da suka shafi Mafi kyawun madadin Linux zuwa Windows 10.

• Daidaitawar hardware iyaka: Ba ya haɗa da direbobi ko firmware na mallakar mallaka, wanda zai iya rikitar da fahimtar katunan WiFi, firintocin, ko takamaiman na'urori, musamman daga samfuran kamar Broadcom ko wasu bambance-bambancen Intel. Don guje wa kowace matsala, yana da kyau a tuntuɓi shafuka kamar H kumburi kafin shigarwa, ko pre-gwajin tsarin a cikin yanayin rayuwa.
• Ƙananan ma'ajiyar software: Ba tare da samun damar yin amfani da ɗimbin bayanai na aikace-aikacen da ba kyauta ko tallafi kamar Debian ba, dole ne ku nemi hanyoyin kyauta ga shahararrun shirye-shirye kamar Discord, Skype, ko Visual Studio Code, kodayake haɗin gwiwa tare da Flatpak da AppImage yana taimakawa wajen rage wannan gazawar.
• Wani ɗan ƙaran tsohuwar software: Ta hanyar ba da fifiko ga kwanciyar hankali da 'yanci, wasu nau'ikan shirye-shirye da GNOME kanta na iya zama bugu da yawa a baya na kwanan nan. Koyaya, wannan yana haifar da ƙarfi mafi girma da ƙarancin fallasa kwaro a cikin yanayin hoto.
• Rashin goyan bayan hukuma don gine-ginen 32-bit: PureOS yana mai da hankali kan kayan aikin zamani, don haka tsofaffin kwamfutoci sun fita daga wasan.

Yana da mahimmanci a jaddada cewa, kodayake mai amfani da ci gaba na iya ƙara ma'ajin Debian marasa kyauta don 'yantar da takamaiman kayan aiki, yin hakan ya saba wa falsafar PureOS kuma ya juya shi, don duk dalilai masu amfani, zuwa wani Debian, don haka rasa raison d'être.

Tsarin shigarwa da abubuwan farko

Shigar da PureOS tsari ne mai sauƙi, mai kama da Fedora, kuma yafi hankali fiye da tsofaffin masu sakawa Debian ko Mint.

• Requirementsarancin bukatun: 64-bit processor, aƙalla 1 GB na RAM da 15 GB na sararin diski kyauta.
• Ana iya kora tsarin daga DVD ko USB, ta amfani da daidaitattun hanyoyin kamar Imgburn, UltraISO ko umarni dd na GNU/Linux. Da zarar an fara, mai sakawa yana jagorantar ku mataki-mataki, yana ba ku damar daidaita harshe, madannai, ɓangarori, da ɓoyayyen faifai.
• Zaɓin faifan shigarwa da kuma wurin da ke cikin ɓangaren taya na iya zama ɗan ciwon kai. idan kuna da fayafai masu yawa na ciki, don haka kula da wannan allon.
• A wasu kwamfutoci, musamman tare da katunan Intel ko Broadcom WiFi, PureOS maiyuwa bazai gane cibiyar sadarwar mara waya ba idan yana buƙatar firmware na mallakar mallaka.A cikin waɗannan lokuta, za ku sami hanyar sadarwar waya kawai ko kuma dole ne ku sadaukar da tsarki kuma ku shigar da direbobi da hannu daga wuraren ajiyar Debian marasa kyauta (ba a ba da shawarar ba idan kuna son kiyaye ainihin PureOS).

Bayan kammala shigarwa, tebur na GNOME ya dubi tsabta da nauyi, tare da menus masu sauƙi da samun dama ga duk kayan aiki masu mahimmanci, daga LibreOffice suite zuwa mai binciken sirri da ke mayar da hankali.

Kwarewar mai amfani da sharuɗɗan amfani da shawarar

Duk da tsattsauran tsarin sa na 'yanci, PureOS baya sadaukar da sauƙin amfani.An inganta tsarin don zama dandamali na yau da kullun don aikin ofis, binciken yanar gizo, sadarwa, da nishaɗin kyauta:

• Ba kyakkyawan zaɓi don wasanni ko software na ƙwararru ba, amma ga waɗanda ke neman yanayin da ba shi da haɗari, ɓoye telemetry, da masu sa ido, yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun madadin.
• Teburin GNOME, ɗan gyara (zaka iya shigar da kari kamar Dash zuwa Dock don saita menu zuwa menu na salon Dock). Windows), yana da sauƙin keɓancewa da sarrafawa har ma ga masu amfani da ƙaura Windows da Mac.
• Al'ummar PureOS, kodayake ƙananan idan aka kwatanta da ƙattai kamar Ubuntu, suna da aiki sosai, haɗin gwiwa da mai da hankali kan tallafi tsakanin masu amfani da masu haɓakawa.Dandalin Purism na hukuma da samuwan takaddun suna ba da sauƙi don warware matsala ko keɓance tsarin ga bukatun ku.
• Cikakke ga masu fafutuka, masu haɓakawa, 'yan jarida, masu satar fasaha da masu amfani waɗanda ke son cikakken 'yancin kai daga manyan kamfanoni..

PureOS da kayan aikin Purism: haɗin nasara

Inda PureOS ke haskakawa yana kan na'urorin da Purism suka ƙirƙira da siyarwa. (). Kwamfutocin tafi-da-gidanka kamar Librem 14 da wayoyi kamar Librem 5 an haɓaka su don haɓaka tsaro da sirri, haɗawa.

• Maɓallin jiki don kashe kyamara, makirufo da rediyo mara waya, toshe kayan masarufi a matakin lantarki.
• BIOS Coreboot kyauta da ingantaccen taya tare da Shugabanni, rage haɗarin barazana a cikin bootloader.
• Ingantattun tallafi ga duk direbobin kyauta, tabbatar da cewa tsarin yana aiki ba tare da binary blobs ba.

Wannan haɗin kai yana sa kayan aikin PureOS da Purism su zama mafi kyawun zaɓi ga waɗanda ke neman keɓantawa da tsaro daga ƙarshen zuwa-ƙarshe a cikin buɗaɗɗe, mai sarrafawa, da mahalli mai iya dubawa.

Sabuntawa, kulawa da tallafi

Kunshin da sarrafa sabuntawa a cikin PureOS mai sauƙi ne kuma bisa kayan aikin Debian.. Tsarin yana amfani da umarnin gargajiya dace kuma yana da manajoji masu hoto ga waɗanda ba sa son yin rikici da tashar tashar. Ƙari:

• Ana aiki tare da tsayayyen sakin PureOS akai-akai tare da Gwajin Debian, don haka kuna iya tsammanin sabuntawa na yau da kullun, facin tsaro, da haɓaka haɓakawa ga tsarin tushe da aikace-aikacen sa.
• Samun damar Flathub yana ba ku damar shigar da yawancin aikace-aikacen kyauta na kwanan nan ta Flatpak, ramawa ga gazawar ma'ajiyar kanta.
• Tallafin hukuma da takaddun shaida na Purism, tare da al'ummar duniya, suna tabbatar da taimako ga masu amfani da novice da ƙwararrun.Bugu da kari, akwai takamaiman tashoshi na sadarwa don ba da rahoton kurakurai, ba da gudummawa ga haɓakawa, ko warware tambayoyin fasaha sosai.

Wanene PureOS kuma ya cancanci haɓakawa?

PureOS a gare ku ne idan kuna neman tsarin aiki mara software na mallakar mallaka tare da mai da hankali kan sirri da tsaro.. Yana da kyakkyawan zaɓi ga waɗanda ke amfani da kwamfuta na sirri ko ƙwararru ba tare da buƙatar aikace-aikacen mallakar mallaka waɗanda kawai ke gudana ba Windows ya da macOS. Hakanan yana da kyau idan kuna da na'urorin Purism ko kuna son sarrafa kowane dalla-dalla na yanayin dijital ku.

Tabbas, idan kun dogara da takamaiman kayan aikin da kawai ke aiki tare da rufaffiyar direbobi, ko buƙatar takamaiman shirye-shirye kamar banki kan layi tare da samfuran mallakar mallaka, kuna buƙatar yin la'akari da abubuwan da kuka fi so kafin ku shiga PureOS.

Binciko PureOS yana nufin shigar da yanayi inda keɓantawa da 'yanci ke fifiko akan dacewa ko cikakkiyar dacewa. Tsarin yana ba da gogewa, tsayayye, da amintaccen gogewa ga matsakaicin mai amfani da mafi yawan sanin bayanai. Amfani da PureOS yana nufin rungumar falsafar gabaɗayan sarrafa fasaha, tare da garantin samun goyan bayan al'umma mai himma da alama kamar Purism wanda ke sanya ɗa'a a zuciyar ƙididdiga.