Yadda ake shigar da tsarin aiki a VirtualBox mataki-mataki

Shigar da tsarin aiki a cikin na'ura mai mahimmanci shine ɗayan mafi ƙarfi kuma amintattun hanyoyin gwada software ko koyi game da mahalli daban-daban ba tare da sanya babban tsarin ku cikin haɗari ba. Oracle VM VirtualBox, kayan aikin haɓakawa na kyauta, babban zaɓi ne a tsakanin waɗanda ke buƙatar ƙirƙirar yanayin gwaji ko yin koyi da wasu tsarin akan nasu kwamfuta ta zahiri.

Godiya ga VirtualBox, zaku iya samun tsarin aiki da yawa akan na'ura iri ɗaya a keɓe, ba tare da buƙatar rabuwa ko gyara babban shigarwar ku ba. Wannan nau'in haɓakawa yana da kyau ga masu haɓakawa, masu fasaha, ko masu amfani kawai masu son sani.A cikin wannan jagorar mun yi bayani dalla-dalla yadda ake shigar da tsarin aiki a VirtualBox daga karce, mataki-mataki, ta amfani da hoton ISO ko fayil ɗin da aka riga aka tsara a tsarin OVA.

Menene VirtualBox kuma menene amfani dashi?

VirtualBox kyauta ce kuma buɗe tushen aikace-aikacen haɓakawa ta Oraclewanda ke ba ku damar gudanar da tsarin aiki da yawa a matsayin "na'urori masu kama-da-wane" a cikin babban tsarin aikin ku (host). Mafi dacewa don gwaji, haɓakawa, ko horo, wannan kayan aikin yana ba da a lafiya da raba muhalli wanda zaka shigar da kowane tsarin aiki ba tare da lalata babban tsarin kwamfutarka ba.

Lokacin ƙirƙirar injin kama-da-wane (VM)Wannan yana aiki kamar kwamfuta ce mai zaman kanta gaba ɗaya, mai RAM nata, (virtual) rumbun kwamfutarka, tsarin sadarwa, da sauran na'urori waɗanda ka yanke shawarar yadda za a daidaita su. Kuna iya shigar da tsarin kamar WindowsLinux, macOS (tare da ƙuntatawa), FreeBSD, Solaris… har ma da tsofaffin nau'ikan Windows kamar yadda Windows 7.

Me kuke bukata kafin ku fara?

• Kwamfuta mai isasshiyar sararin faifai kuma akwai RAM.
• An shigar da VirtualBox akan tsarin ku. Kuna iya sauke shi daga gare su shafin yanar gizon.
• Hoton tsarin aiki da kuke son sanyawa: yana iya zama fayil ɗin ISO ko OVAAna amfani da ISOs don tsaftataccen shigarwa, fayilolin OVA an riga an saita su injunan kama-da-wane.

Shigarwa da Tsarin VirtualBox

Tsarin shigar VirtualBox yana da sauri:

1. Samun dama ga shafin saukarwa.
2. Zaɓi sigar da ta dace gwargwadon tsarin aikin ku (Windows(Mac, Linux ko Solaris).
3. Guda mai sakawa kuma bi mayen. Yarda da shigar da musaya na cibiyar sadarwa idan gargadi ya bayyana.

Da zarar an shigar, VirtualBox zai kasance a shirye don amfani.

Zazzage tsarin aiki

Don ci gaba, kuna buƙatar ingantaccen hoton tsarin aiki da kuke son sanyawa. Kuna iya zaɓar daga:

• Hoton ISOZazzage daga gidan yanar gizon mai haɓakawa (misali, daga Yanar gizon Microsoft idan haka ne Windows 10).
• Fayil na OVANemo injunan kama-da-wane da aka riga aka tsara, kamar waɗanda za ku iya samu a ciki Buɗe-DevLabs.

Ƙirƙirar sabon injin kama-da-wane daga ISO

1. Bude VirtualBox kuma danna kan Nuevo.
2. Shigar da suna don VM, zaɓi nau'in (Linux/Windows/ macOS…) da sigar tsarin.
3. Sanya adadin RAM memoryGabaɗaya, mafi ƙarancin 4 GB don tsarin zamani.
4. Zaɓi Ƙirƙiri faifan kama-da-wane yanzu.
5. Zaɓi nau'in faifai (bar zaɓin tsoho azaman VDI sai dai idan kun san abin da kuke yi).
6. Yanke shawara tsakanin tsauri ko tsayayyen ajiyaMa'ajiya mai ƙarfi yana amfani da ƙasa kaɗan da farko.
7. Sanya madaidaicin girman faifai (misali, 50 GB) kuma gama ƙirƙirar.

Ana shigo da injin kama-da-wane daga fayil na OVA

1. Bude VirtualBox kuma je zuwa Fayil > Shigo da Sabis na Haihuwa.
2. Danna "Bincika" kuma zaɓi fayil ɗin OVA da aka sauke a baya.
3. Bita da daidaita saitunan injin kama-da-wane kamar suna, CPU, RAM, faifai, cibiyar sadarwa, da sauransu.
4. Danna "Shigo da". Za a fitar da fayil ɗin OVA kuma a saka shi cikin jerin VM ɗin ku.

Shigar da tsarin aiki daga ISO

1. Zaɓi VM da aka ƙirƙira kuma danna kan Fara.
2. Lokacin da ka fara shirin, zai tambaye ka ka zabi boot disk. Zaɓi fayil ɗin ISO naku.
3. Na'urar kama-da-wane za ta tashi daga wancan ISO kamar dai DVD ce ta gaske.
4. Bi duk matakan shigarwa na tsarin aiki, kamar yadda zakuyi akan PC na zahiri na gaske.

Saitunan da aka ba da shawarar bayan shigarwa

Red

A cikin daidaitattun saiti, VirtualBox yana amfani NATWannan yana ba VM damar yin lilo a intanit ba tare da ganin wasu na'urori ba. Idan kana buƙatar ta don yin aiki azaman ƙarin kwamfuta akan hanyar sadarwarka, canza zuwa Yanayin Gada.

Manyan fayiloli

Kuna iya raba manyan fayiloli tsakanin mai gida da baƙo Don kwafin fayiloli cikin sauƙi, je zuwa Saituna> Babban fayil ɗin da aka raba, ƙara hanyar da ake so, kuma kunna hawan atomatik.

Clipboard kuma ja da sauke fayiloli

Kunna zaɓi allo mai raba bidirectional da "jawo da sauke" daga Saituna> Gaba ɗaya> Na ci gaba, wanda zai ba ka damar kwafin bayanai tsakanin tsarin nan take.

Audio, USB da sauran na'urori

A cikin zaɓuɓɓukan saituna za ku iya kunna ko kashe odiyo, goyon bayan USB 2.0/3.0, da sauran abubuwan haɗin gwiwa Ƙarin fasalulluka don haɓaka tsarin haɗin gwiwar baƙi. Taimakon USB yana buƙatar shigar da fakitin kari na VirtualBox.

Arin Bako

da Arin Bako Saitin kayan aiki ne waɗanda aka shigar a cikin VM. Suna haɓaka ƙuduri, haɓakar hotuna, aiki tare da lokaci, manyan fayilolin da aka raba, da sauransu.

1. A cikin taga VM, danna Na'urori> Saka Hoton CD na Baƙi.
2. Bude CD a cikin VM kuma kunna mai sakawa VBoxWindowsAdditions.exe.
3. Sake kunna VM idan an gama.

Advanced management na kama-da-wane inji

Cloning

VirtualBox yana ba da izini clone da VM Daga Menu Machine> Clone. Kuna iya zaɓar don clone gaba ɗaya (cikakken kwafi mai zaman kansa) ko ƙirƙirar clone mai alaƙa (yana amfani da albarkatun da aka raba).

Hotunan

Da wannan aikin zaka iya Ajiye yanayin VM na yanzuTa wannan hanyar, idan wani abu ya ɓace, zaku iya komawa zuwa sigar da ta gabata. Wannan yana da amfani musamman kafin yin manyan canje-canje ko shigar da software na gwaji.

1. Danna-dama akan VM> Snapshots> Take.
2. Sanya suna da kwatance.
3. Daga wannan rukunin za ku iya dawo da ko share hotuna gwargwadon bukatunku.

Rikodin bidiyo

Daga Saituna > Ɗaukar Bidiyo zaka iya rikodin duk abin da ya faru a cikin VMWannan yana da amfani don ƙirƙirar koyawa ko yin rikodin kurakurai yayin gwaji.

Yana farawa ba tare da ƙirar hoto ba kuma yana gudana a bango

VirtualBox yana ba ku damar fara VMs a ciki yanayin rashin kai, ba tare da nuna taga ba, ko aiki tare da su a bango, sauƙaƙe aiki da kai ko haɗawa cikin ƙarin hadaddun matakai.

Nasihu don inganta injin kama-da-wane

• Ware madaidaicin adadin RAM da CPU don guje wa lalata mai watsa shiri ko rage jinkirin VM.
• Guji yin amfani da ma'ajin tsarin don faifai masu kama-da-wane, gwargwadon iyawa.
• Yi kwafin ajiya na VMs ɗin ku idan kuna amfani da su don aiki mai mahimmanci ko mahimmanci.
• Bincika hanyoyin sadarwa idan kuna buƙatar VM da yawa don sadarwa tare da juna, kamar a cikin saitin lab.

Gwada tsarin aiki da ba ku saba amfani da su ba

Yana da kyau a yi amfani da VirtualBox don gwada tsarin da ba ku saba da su ba. Kuna iya shigar da rabe-raben nauyi kamar Lubuntu, tsofaffin tsarin kamar Windows XP ko mahallin uwar garken kamar Windows Sabar, ba tare da buƙatar damuwa game da lalata kayan aikin ku ba.

Gyara kurakurai gama gari

• Babu kuskure VT-x: Tabbatar cewa kun kunna haɓakawa a cikin BIOS (Intel VT-x ko AMD-V).
• Hyper-V yana hana VM farawa: a Windows, musaki Hyper-V daga fasalin tsarin.
• Matsalolin hanyar sadarwaDuba yanayin hanyar sadarwa. NAT shine mafi sauki.
• ƙudurin kuskure: Shigar da Ƙarin Baƙi don inganta tallafin hoto.

Ƙirƙirar da sarrafa injunan kama-da-wane tare da VirtualBox ba kawai mafitacin fasaha ne mai ƙarfi ba, amma kuma yana ba da hanya mai amfani kuma mai dacewa don amfani da tsarin da yawa a lokaci guda ba tare da shafar babbar kwamfutar ku ba. Daga saitunan asali zuwa zaɓuɓɓukan ci gaba kamar hotuna, cloning, da rikodin bidiyo, VirtualBox yana gabatar da cikakken zaɓi na kyauta wanda, lokacin da aka ƙware, ya zama kayan aiki mai mahimmanci ga masu amfani da gida da ƙwararrun IT.

Injin Virtual: Menene Su, Yadda Suke Aiki, da Abin da Ake Amfani da Su A Yau